Typical arrangement for a geometrical or passive concentrator. This video demonstrates how solar energy can be focused with a curved mirror. Renewable energy resources, solar energy, solar concentrator. Solar concentrator article about solar concentrator by. The concentrator was coated with a highly re ective polymer lm. In order to help provide a rational basis for deciding which concentrator type is best suited for a particular application, we have compared a variety of solar. In section 3 three technical concepts of high temperature solar concentrators are presented. By connecting cells of different semiconductors optically and electrically in series, even. Focusing the sun a myriad times thats the aim of solar hyperconcentrators. Throughout the recent centuries, the limits of using energy resources due to the cost and environmental issues became one of the scientists concerns. Some people use the same principle when they use a magnifying lens to focus the suns rays on a pile of kindling or paper to start fires. Lowcost concentrating solar collector for steam generation.
Grc has a long heritage in concentrator development efforts as identified below. Advantages of concentrator photovoltaic system in high. Electricity is generated when the concentrated light is converted to heat solar thermal energy, which drives a heat engine usually a steam turbine connected to an electrical power. Show that higher temperatures can be obtained with the concentrator than is pos. A solar concentrator doesnt require a cooling system, and there are no moving parts, making it less expensive than a solar tracker. Using static concentrator technology to achieve global. A conceptual representation of a solar concentrator used in harnessing the power. This page concentrates on providing links, information and plans for build it. Concentrator costs are a major portion of the total costs of a solar thermal system. It was concluded that structured reflectors are used at their largest benefit if they.
Motor coupled to the parabolic solar concentrator prototype. Concentrating solar collectors use shaped mirrors or lens to provide higher temperatures that flat plate collectors. Aug 19, 2014 new type of solar concentrator doesnt block the view by michigan state university solar power with a view. A new type of solar concentrator is presented using liquid lenses and simple. A wide variety of solar concentrator options are available to you. The concentrated solar power technology was the first system receive international thermal. These collectors generally have limited temperature capability, and provide little or no concentration of. Current status of concentrator photovoltaic cpv technology pdf. Various kinds of concentrating solar collector structures.
In order to ensure that the solar concentrator works efficiently, they have to be placed in such a manner that it directly faces the sun. In the present study, rectangular beam is selected aiming at simplifying manufacturing and building process. The cavity type receiver was lled with sodium nitrate to act as a heat storage and transfer medium. Solar concen duke computer science duke university. Even the best oxygen concentrators are dependent on electricity. It was concluded that structured reflectors are used at their largest benefit if they are applied in new concentrators designed for structures. Optical design and characterization of solar concentrators.
A conceptual representation of a solar concentrator used in harnessing the power from the sun to generate electricity is shown in figure 1. Global solar collector market growth, analysis, demand, forecast, industry 20152019 a solar collector is a device used to capture solar energy and convert it into useful thermal energy. Solar concentrator one or more mirrors or lenses that collect focus solar rays to increase the intensity of solar radiation. Concentrator photovoltaics cpv also known as concentration photovoltaics is a photovoltaic technology that generates electricity from sunlight. Devices for concentrating solar rays have long been known for example, the incendiary devices of the ancient greek mathematician and engineer archimedes and the french scientists t.
Imaging optics concentrators of cpctype compound parabolic concentrator in order to increase the concentration factor, but also through the modification of. Current status of concentrator photovoltaic cpv technology. That is why this type of concentrator is not preferred in a small residential house. New type of solar concentrator doesnt block the view. Multijunction solar cells were originally designed, and. Solar concentrator article about solar concentrator by the. New type of solar concentrator doesnt block the view by michigan state university solar power with a view. A 14 m2 berglass parabolic concentrator was made at sesec to ensure simplicity of production and operation. Note that the design of all the above sc types can. Unlike conventional photovoltaic systems, it uses lenses or curved mirrors to focus sunlight onto small, highly efficient, multijunction mj solar cells. Optical design of a solar parabolic concentrating collector based on trapezoidal reflective petals 715 is carried out to improve the overall performance of system. Solar cells can operate at increased efficiencies under higher solar concentration and replacing solar cells with optical devices to capture light is an effective method of decreasing the cost of a system without compromising the amount of solar energy absorbed. Solar concentrator they function on the idea of focusing a bundle of sunlight on a small area with the assistance of a mirror or optical equipment. The photovoltaic pv efficiency can be increased by several factors.
Design, development and performance evaluation of various types of building integrates compound parabolic concentrator. Solar concentrator definition of solar concentrator by. Solar concentrator is the most favourable solution to this problem 10. Concentrating solar collectors portland state university solar engineering spring 2008 carolyn roos, ph. Solar concentrator from a parabolic grid antenna for. Concentrator costs constitute a similar percentage of dishengine systems. The efficiency of both cell types rises with increased concentration. Multijunction solar cells were originally designed, and are still used today, for space applications. After presenting these types of csp systems, an example of a new type of design is explained. The ongoing research and development involves imaging systems and. Concentrators can increase the power flux of sunlight hundreds of times. These collectors generally have limited temperature capability, and provide little or no concentration of the incident sunlight. The 3d static elliptical hyperboloid concentrator is designed to accept a wide range of incidence angles 30 and has a concentration ratio of 20. Jul 19, 2016 the next evolutionary step in the world of oxygen concentrators is the power of the sun.
The receiver contains a fluid that is heated by the sunlight and then used to heat a traditional power cycle that spins a turbine that drives a generator to produce electricity. Some people use the same principle when they use a magnifying lens to focus the suns rays on. Solar concentrators an overview sciencedirect topics. New type of solar concentrator doesnt block the view 19 august 2014 solar power with a view. Solar concentrators rensselaer polytechnic institute. Csp context key projects it power analysis concentrating solar power csp is a rapidly growing industry. A comparison of the raw data no smoothing, smoothed concentration ratio, and azimuthally averaged ratio. Spain is the leader in concentrated solar power technology, with more than 50 governmentapproved projects in the works. Solar concentrator definition of solar concentrator by the. In addition, cpv systems often use solar trackers and sometimes a cooling system to further.
Jun 08, 2018 solar concentrator they function on the idea of focusing a bundle of sunlight on a small area with the assistance of a mirror or optical equipment. Washington state university extension energy program a free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. For example, the heliostats used in powertower systems are projected to account for about 40%50% of the total cost of the power plant. Optical design and characterization of solar concentrators for photovoltaics 4 ruption of the translational symmetry when the microstructured reflectors were introduced. This type of configuration is normally employed in solar power plants. If you have suggestions about this report, additional or updated information, or would like to. Optical design and characterization of solar concentrators for. While the light energy bounces around in the plastic, it sometimes gets reabsorbed into the dye molecules and ends up. Commercial scale solar concentrating systems come in four basic configurations. A solar concentrator is a type of lens that is capable of increasing the collection of sun rays and focusing them onto a lesser pv area. A vast amount of research is currently focused on perfecting each of these areas.
The frame of the dish concentrator may have several types such as trusses, tubular bars, tbeams, hbeams, or rectangular beams. Instead of using traditional sun light sensors or inclinometers to determine. This page concentrates on providing links, information and plans for build it yourself concentrating collectors and heliostats. Some types of collectors perform adequately cost effectively if left in a fixed position. How to model solar concentrators with the ray optics. Heliostats are tracking mirrors that reflect solar energy onto a fixed target. Diy solar concentrator instructions released by energytorrent. Ppt concentrating solar collectors powerpoint presentation. Results after the construction of the parabolic solar concentrator prototype we proceeded to do performance tests. A wide variety of solar concentrator options are available to you, such as pressurized, vacuum solar collector, and flat panel. An attempt has been made to classify different types of concentrators and its working by various researchers all over the world. Other articles where concentrator solar cell is discussed. Solar power oxygen concentrators around the world us. Solar concentrator pdf concentrators require direct solar illumination, and the optics or mirrors must move during.
Concentrator photovoltaics cpv uses optics to focus the suns power on small highefficiency, multijunction solar cells. The largest compositetype solar concentrator, with a mirror surface of 20,000 sq m, has been planned in the ussr for a solar thermal power plant. Building integrated compound parabolic photovoltaic concentrator. It will also analyse on some of the existing solar concentrators used in the solar technology for the past four decades. Design and analysis of a highefficiency, costeffective solar concentrator john h. The study found that concentrated solar power could account for up to 25% of the worlds energy needs by 2050. Design and analysis of a highefficiency, costeffective. The use of solar energy requires optimizing each part of a photovoltaic system. Concentrating solar collector a solar collector that uses reflective surfaces to concentrate sunlight onto a small area, where it is absorbed and converted to heat or, in the case of solar photovoltaic pv devices, into electricity. Building integrated compound parabolic photovoltaic. Solar concentrators concentrators are used to collect and focus solar energy to be used in various space applications including power conversion, thermal propulsion and furnaces.
Mechanical design of a low cost parabolic solar dish concentrator. The new type of concen trator has been called the ideal concentrator by. Type 2 secondary concentrators with slot allowing for vertical movement of secondary concentrator. Concentrating photovoltaic cpv systems are a key step in expanding the use of solar energy. Troughs, central receivers, linear fresnel and dish. In 1989 a concentrator solar cell in which sunlight was concentrated onto the cell surface by means of lenses achieved an efficiency of 37 percent owing to the increased intensity of the collected energy.
These devices focus high intensity sunlight on a small area, usually with fresnel lenses or mirrors. Msu doctoral student yimu zhao holds up a transparent luminescent solar. A solar concentrator uses lenses, called fresnel lenses, which take a large area of sunlight and direct it towards a specific spot by bending the rays of light and focusing them. In this period, the cumulative amount of generated energy per module active. Practical field alignment of parabolic trough solar concentrators. Linear concentrating solar power csp collectors capture the suns energy with large mirrors that reflect and focus the sunlight onto a linear receiver tube. In the final section we suggest the use of ideal concentrators as second stage concentrators for conventional optical systems, an arrangement which boosts the concentration to the highest possible values without requiring an unfavorable reflector to aperture ratio. The azimuthal averaging fails at the center where integration takes place over an infinitesimally short distance, but at other locations, it gives a fairly accurate, uniformlooking representation of the concentration ratio in the focal plane. There are many possible uses for solar concentrators. Because of the huge amount of energy received by the earth from the sun, the application of photovoltaic solar cells has become popular in the world. This significantly magnifies the power of the sun, generating intense amounts of heat. Concentrated solar power csp, also known as concentrating solar power, concentrated solar thermal systems generate solar power by using mirrors or lenses to concentrate a large area of sunlight onto a receiver. Msu doctoral student yimu zhao holds up a transparent luminescent solar concentrator module.
Large parabolic dish concentrator mirrors are an important component of many solar. The principal elements of a solar concentrator are a rigid supporting unit and a mirror or lens part. The concentrator was implemented in 48 locations worldwide ranging from desert to snowice condition and provided thermal energy. Changing concentrator size and focal distance is just a matter of mastering the basics of the rhinoceros cad suite and installing some plugins. A 2014 presentation on the global status of the industry was given at the university of nsw forum renewable energy.
Pdf for efficient and cost effective utilization solar energy solar concentrators are vital. A parabolic solar concentrator is a curved array of mirrors that reflects all incident light onto a single point. Theres a drawback to the traditional design, though. Solar concentrator synonyms, solar concentrator pronunciation, solar concentrator translation, english dictionary definition of solar concentrator. Mechanical design of a low cost parabolic solar dish. Thermodynamic limits of light concentrators 101 fl 2 fig. Solar concentrators, parabolic reflectors, photovoltaic cells, photovoltaicthermal. Concentrator photovoltaics cpv is a photovoltaic technology that generates electricity from. The design and performance of each concentrator will be explained and compared. Advanced reflector materials for solar concentrators.
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